Multiprotocol Label Switching Networks Free Essays

IP systems were at first structured with arrange survivability in a decentralized systems administration as the focal objective. Therefore the Internet frameworks and conventions were planned from the earliest starting point for this reason. As the Internet is advancing into a universally useful correspondences organize, the new real factors require the advancement of new Internet foundation to help constant touchy and mixed media applications, for example, voice over IP and video telephone calls (Smith Collins, 2001). We will compose a custom paper test on Multiprotocol Label Switching Networks or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Back in the mid to late 1990s, when most switches were overwhelmingly founded on programming sending as opposed to equipment sending, various sellers contrived restrictive instruments to switch parcels unmistakably more productively than was conceivable with sending dependent on jump by-bounce longest match IP address queries. Different parts of these exclusive components were viably consolidated and created by the MPLS working gatherings at the IETF and delivered what we know today as MPLS (Edwards, Syngress, McCullough, Lawson, 2000). MPLS is a key part of the new Internet framework and speaks to a crucial expansion to the first IP-based Internet with changes to the current foundation (Wang, 2002). Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) MPLS presents association direction and parcel exchanging in IP systems. IP datagrams are sent by MPLS switches along pre-set up ways, in view of a short mark. This diminishes the measure of steering calculations, which are done distinctly at the hours of setting up new ways. MPLS permits presenting new traffic building methods which apply for association arranged systems can be applied to MPLS systems. One of these strategies is dynamic directing. Another significant application for MPLS systems is the arrangement of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) over an open IP organize. The advantage of MPLS for this application is that private IP addresses, which might be not novel, are isolated from the overall legitimate open IP tends to utilized in the open IP arrange. The partition of addresses is acknowledged by building MPLS burrows through the open IP organize. The MPLS convention can likewise be run on ATM systems and edge transfer systems. This rearranges the interworking between these systems and IP systems (Smith Collins, 2001). MPLS associations are appropriate to the quick sending (likewise called exchanging) of a system layer convention (not simply IP), thus the word multiprotocol in the name. it will be generally utilized for two fundamental kinds of utilization: Initially, it includes controllability of IP systems. As effectively noticed, an IP arrange is a lot of like a â€Å"free-for-all† thruway without traffic control, to utilize the similarity of an interstate framework. All the traffic can be packed onto the interstate immediately, and every switch en route attempts its best to get the traffic through with no assurance of succeeding, MPLS marks ‘lanes’ with names for the IP roadway, and every bundle stream needs to follow a predefined path or way. Once the ‘lanes’ are denoted, a lot of traffic boundaries can be related with every path to ensure the administration conveyance. It diminishes haphazardness and adds controllability to the IP arrange (Edwards et al., 2000). Second, MPLS adds changing capacity to the directing based IP arrange. The conventional Internet structure has each switch en route inspect the goal address inside a bundle and decide the following bounce. In an exchanged system, each switch courses the traffic from the info port to a foreordained yield port without looking at the substance of every parcel. This is additionally called course once and switch commonly, since the parcel substance are inspected distinctly at the section of the MPLS system to decide an appropriate ‘lane’ for the bundle. The advantages of this change incorporate speedup of system traffic and system scalability(Smith Collins, 2001). Synopsis and Conclusion Name exchanging is something that has been huge enthusiasm from the Internet people group, and noteworthy exertion has been made to characterize a convention called Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). MPLS includes the connection of a short name to a bundle in from of the IP header. This adequately resembles embeddings another layer between the IP layer and the hidden connection layer of the OSI model. The mark contains all the data that a switch needs to advance a bundle. The estimation of a name might be utilized to look into the following bounce in the way and forward to the following switch. The contrast among this and standard IP directing is that the match is a careful one and isn't an instance of searching for the longest match (that is, the match with the longest subnet veil). This empowers quicker directing choices inside switches (Wang, 2002). The development rates for Internet convention (IP) trade and clients endure to be entirely momentous. What used to be an innovation chiefly utilized inside the regions of academe and relaxation is presently being used far and wide for ordinary business entries, similar to online business, Web-based industry in the improvement of the transporter framework as administration givers around the globe focus on streamlining and advantage effectiveness (Edwards et al., 2000). From multiple points of view, MPLS is as a very remarkable traffic designing convention as it is a Quality of Service (QoS) convention. It is to some degree comparable to the foundation of virtual circuits in ATM and can prompt comparative QoS benefits. It assists with giving QoS by assisting with bettering oversee traffic. Regardless of whether it ought to be called traffic designing convention of QoS convention barely matters if the final products is better QoS (Wang, 2002). References: Edwards, M. J., Syngress, R. F., McCullough, A., Lawson, W. (2000). Building Cisco Remote Access Networks. Rockland, MA: Syngress. Smith, C., Collins, D. (2001). 3G Wireless Networks. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Wang, H. H. (2002). Parcel Broadband Network Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Step by step instructions to refer to Multiprotocol Label Switching Networks, Essay models

Arranged Marriages

Organized relationships: the issues that emerge from orchestrated relationships Arranged relationships. It has been a disputable subject all through time however many don't know about the issues that can emerge from them, yet in addition the points of interest that masterminded relationships can bring. Right off the bat, I might want to pressure that numerous individuals don't really comprehend the distinction between constrained relationships and masterminded relationships, yet they are truth be told, two totally different things. A constrained marriage is when (typically) a young lady is compelled to wed another man, regardless of whether she wouldn't like to, and regularly with a man she has not met with before.An orchestrated marriage is the point at which a marriage accomplice is chosen numerous years prior to the real marriage, however frequently the pair have met a few times previously and most young ladies are permitted to ‘pick’ their accomplice. In this sense, organized relationships are much more liberal than constrained marriage, and we will be concentrating on these today. As per measurements, the normal level of organized relationships in the UK is around 5%, which is really an enormous number things being what they are, yet why?Many individuals really think orchestrated relationships are more effective than standard relationships as everything is painstakingly arranged out before hand, the relationship should be ‘more stable’. Separation rates inside orchestrated relationships are additionally commonly lower than normal relationships. One specific news story proposes this is the situation due to the numerous variables that the guardians have thought of, for instance, life objectives, regular interests, and so on. Since the relationship isn't completely fuelled by affection and enthusiasm, organized marriage connections are regularly progressively steady, and frequently better long-term.Many guardians (not really in the U K) feel that orchestrated relationships are ‘safer’, as the guardians realize the accomplice better, and this assists with having the option to pick the most good accomplice for their youngster. Watching these numerous advantages, by and by I imagine that this training ought to be permitted to proceed in the 21st century. The proof is evident that organized relationships don't in reality all outcome to abusive behavior at home, no science or love between the couple, and so on however, can be a more secure and more sensible decision to marriage than customary marriages.Although this way isn't for everybody, I figure masterminded relationships will work for other people, and really bring about lower separate from rates, and so on. Yet, what precisely are the detriments and favorable circumstances of masterminded relationships? As referenced previously, the upsides of masterminded relationships incorporate a progressively steady relationship (prompting lower separate from rates), the danger of contrary connections are totally decreased, and the guardians on either side both realize every life partner better, which has numerous benefits.Although there are numerous points of interest, there are additionally a couple of disservices, really including incongruence! Since the marriage isn't really an adoration marriage, it is anything but difficult to come up short on the affection that may prop a marriage up! Likewise, numerous accomplices inside an orchestrated marriage may really be more enticed to undermine their life partners, as there is no affection or science inside the marriage! A masterminded marriage may likewise mean more obstruction from the group of the accomplice, which could cause distress and reluctance.Also, in light of the fact that the overall population don't have a generally excellent conclusion about orchestrated relationships, this could cause mischief and low-fearlessness of the individual, as they could be looked downward on, and dispirited, through no shortcoming of their own. Presently we have all the focal points and detriments of orchestrated relationships, the time has come to discover the real sentiments and contemplations of somebody who is in a masterminded marriage. For this reason, we have talked with somebody who is very an orchestrated marriage, Aishwarya Dutta, 45, and who had a masterminded marriage in the UK.US: So you have had an organized marriage? Promotion: indeed, I have in actuality been hitched, by an orchestrated marriage. US: were you very against the thought from the outset? Promotion: well, I was really not very excited about the thought from the start, however slowly, I understood that masterminded relationships were simply increasingly sensible and basic you know the individual that you are going to remain with for an amazing remainder, you know their folks, and I figured it would be much more agreeable for me than if I had an ordinary marriage? US: what's your opinion about your relationship?AD: I think our relationship is quite durable, it is unquestionably not about affection and energy, yet that doesn't mean we are in a cold relationship! I feel entirely great with my better half, and I surely have known him now, for an extremely significant time-frame. I think a masterminded marriage surely has some drawn out advantages, for example, an increasingly steady relationship, and a relationship that is much progressively secure. Since we know the sentiments of somebody who is very an orchestrated marriage, it is the ideal opportunity for somebody who is envisioning an organized union with be interviewed.We are going to talk with Heera Ahuja, 21 and in a matter of seconds wedded in 3 months. US: hi Heera, so what age did you discover you would have an orchestrated marriage? HA: so I discover I would have an organize marriage at 18, as I was leaving secondary school. US: what were your underlying contemplations when you discovered you would have an organized ma rriage? HA: Honestly, when I previously discovered I would have a masterminded marriage, I was not actually very excited.I felt somewhat stunned, and I felt disillusioned, nearly, on the grounds that I had consistently envisioned wedding the adoration for my life, rather than somebody who I definitely know, and don’t precisely have affections for. US: have your contemplations changed in any capacity from that point forward? HA: truly, they have unquestionably changed. I no longer feel miserable about this marriage, I think there will be some unequivocal long haul benefits, in spite of the fact that I don’t feel the most energized for my marriage, I have no clue what it will resemble yet, so I will simply need to pause and see!Arranged relationships in the UK appear to be significantly progressively liberal and loose, however we will examine the organized relationships around the globe, and how they vary. Right off the bat in India, a great many people follow the orches trated marriage framework, since they trust it secures the family, societal position, and so forth. Despite the fact that youngster relationships used to be normal, they are presently annulled by law. Likewise, up until the 1950s, orchestrated relationships were the standard in most Asian nations, be that as it may, during the ongoing 40 years, they have quickly diminished and love-relationships have increased.There are many organized relationships inside Jewish religions, Islamic religions, and so forth and most include meeting the accomplice in advance, gatherings with potential accomplices, and so forth. These relationships are regularly really effective, and have numerous upbeat endings. In general, I think masterminded relationships are a bit much an awful thing. Actually, I lean toward affection marriage since it appears to be progressively customary and directly for me, yet I do think there are numerous favorable circumstances to organized relationships that were referenced p reviously. I am not against masterminded relationships, however not really for it. Masterminded Marriages Masterminded relationships: the issues that emerge from orchestrated relationships Arranged relationships. It has been a dubious point all through time however many don't know about the issues that can emerge from them, yet in addition the preferences that orchestrated relationships can bring. Initially, I might want to pressure that numerous individuals don't really comprehend the contrast between constrained relationships and orchestrated relationships, yet they are truth be told, two totally different things. A constrained marriage is when (generally) a young lady is compelled to wed another man, regardless of whether she wouldn't like to, and regularly with a man she has not met with before.An orchestrated marriage is the point at which a marriage accomplice is chosen numerous years prior to the genuine marriage, however frequently the pair have met a few times previously and most young ladies are permitted to ‘pick’ their accomplice. In this sense, organized relatio nships are significantly more liberal than constrained marriage, and we will be concentrating on these today. As indicated by measurements, the normal level of orchestrated relationships in the UK is around 5%, which is really an enormous number all things considered, yet why?Many individuals really think masterminded relationships are more effective than standard relationships as everything is painstakingly arranged out before hand, the relationship should be ‘more stable’. Separation rates inside orchestrated relationships are likewise ordinarily lower than normal relationships. One specific news story proposes this is the situation due to the numerous components that the guardians have thought of, for instance, life objectives, normal interests, and so forth. Since the relationship isn't completely fuelled by adoration and energy, orchestrated marriage connections are frequently progressively steady, and regularly better long-term.Many guardians (not really in the UK ) feel that masterminded relationships are ‘safer’, as the guardians realize the accomplice better, and this assists with having the option to pick the most perfect accomplice for their kid. Watching these numerous advantages, by and by I feel that this training ought to be permitted to proceed in the 21st century. The proof is certain that masterminded relationships don't in reality all outcome to abusive behavior at home, no science or love between the couple, and so forth however, can be a more secure and more consistent decision to marriage than normal marriages.Although this way isn't for everybody, I figure orchestrated relationships will work for other people, and really bring about lower separate from rates, and so forth. In any case, what precisely are the drawbacks and focal points of organized relationships? As referenced previously, the upsides of masterminded relationships incorporate an increasingly steady relationship (prompting lower separate from rates) , the danger of incongruent connections are totally decreased, and the guardians on either side both realize every life partner better, which has numerous benefits.Although there are numerous favorable circumstances, there are likewise a couple of detriments, air conditioning

LAST!

LAST! Stop doing your homework, don’t worry about papers, don’t pay your bills, don’t make weekend plans, don’t even finish applying to MIT, there’s no point. This is goodbye, this is my last post. I know what you’re thinking “But Chris, why on Earth wouldn’t shirk my responsibilities? What do you mean this is the end?” Three words friends: Large. Hadron. Collider. Yes boys and girls, the doomsday device built under the guise of solving physics goes online today (err…technically it’s already been online since this morning, but we’ll ignore that for the sake of sensationalism). In case you arent convinced of the colliders sinister intent, take a look at the thing. From for blog Whoa, yea its big. In fact its the largest single object ever built. Only thing you cant see is the engine room where they feed it babies, or so I assume. Ok but seriously, what makes this so special? why is it the end of the world? Well in a very simplified nutshell, the LHC seeks to reproduce scenarios similar to the beginning of the universe (read:Big Bang). In doing so they hope to find this one particular particle (hehe thats fun to say) that can help rationalize gravity on the quantum level, and thus finish the standard model a.k.a The Unified Theory, a.k.a Physics. Thats right, it seeks to finish physics (in which case, Ill have to switch my major). The interesting thing is that this thing is so powerful and so totally unprecedented in terms of the reactions that there are possibilities that it could destroy the world in a variety of fashions. Theres even been injunctions filed against starting it up, and death threats against scientists operating the device. Of course, scientists assure us that there really isnt anything to worry about, that the probabilities are enormously underwhelming. (Then again, of course theyd say that, after all, if theyre wrong, whos going to be around to call them liars?) One thing that is agreeable is that the LHC stands poised to change the world. If theyre right, then the Higgs Boson particle will help complete the unified theory, but maybe whats most exciting is the counter-possibility. If it turns out that there is no particle, that means somewhere weve been wrong and it will still foster a huge advance in our understanding of physics. Either way its nothing short of breath-takingly exciting (though as a piece of social advice, its not really a good topic for party-talk). Oh and I nearly forgot, the little company whos in charge of this thing, CERN? Yea,at MIT you can do an IROP (close cousin to the UROP) study there If Im ever fortunate enough to make it over there while Im here at MIT, Ill be sure to let you know what the apocalypse looks like firsthand. P.S. in light of the dwindling time we have left here on Earth, I propose that instead of being so proud to be the first person to comment, you should all try and be the last person to comment LAST

Literature Essay on The Swimmer by John Cheever

Literature Essay on The Swimmer by John Cheever Portrayal of the character’s emotional state in The Swimmer by John Cheever The Swimmer is a short story written by an American novelist and short story writer, John Cheever. The story under analysis shows an emotional state of the main character, Neddy Merrill, his inner changes and peculiarities of interaction with other people. John Cheever appeals to realistic description of a psychological state of the character, uses symbolism, and emotional tension that makes readers realize what inner changes Neddy Merrill undergoes. The beginning of the story is absolutely positive and does not portend anything evil. Neddy Merrill is shown as a handsome man in the prime of life, who â€Å"has the special slenderness of youth [†¦] and might have been compared to a summer’s day† (Cheever 726). The main character has a cheerful and easy-going wife, â€Å"four beautiful daughters,† and a comfortable house (Cheever 726). His life seems to be absolutely happy, and his decision to â€Å"reach his home by water† starts as harmless fun. Though, a number of hints over the story ruin the readers’ conviction about such a quiet life. With the development of the action, it becomes clear that something bad has happened in the character’s life, but he does not remember it. The motif of memory appears several times, as if Neddy tries to recollect something, but it is in vain. The writer points several times that there is something wrong with the character’s memory. â€Å"Was his memory failing or had he so disciplined it in the repression of unpleasant facts that he had damaged his sense of truth?† (Cheever 730). This phrase serves as the main point that attracts attention to Neddy’s inner state. Gradually, the emotional state of the character and the tone of the short story change from a positive to a disturbing, and even empathetic, one. The writer aggravates feelings and emotions of both the character and the readers. Neddy’s path is presented as a journey down the river. However, such a trip seems like an imaginary one, as with each pool his emotional state changes. First, when he is at the Westerhazy’s pool, he is surrounded by people he is in good terms with. Then, he visits the Grahams, where a smiley bartender gives him a drink and all the people are very happy to see him. Still, Neddy Merrill decides to continue his journey, and the next place he visits is the house by the Levis, where a crucial point takes place. Starting from this house, the situation gets worse; even the nature shows that something wrong is going to happen – at this moment the storm starts. Each and every house Ned visits does not bring anything positive to him. The character meets hostile people who laugh and jeer at him, making him feel depressed. The climax takes place when he finally reaches his house and realizes it is empty, and there are no daughters or wife waiting for him. It is the moment he faces reality and finally gets rid of self-delusion. The Swimmer is a highly symbolic short story, where the nature, weather, and parts of the day serve as the main symbols. It seems that the character follows a long path from self-deception to reality. When the story starts, it is a sunny Sunday morning; everybody is happy and enjoys life. However, in the course of time, the character’s state and the weather change – it is raining at noon, it is getting colder in the evening, and it is absolutely freezing at night. The morning starts with a summer day, but ends up with autumn when the river is cold, the leaves fall down, and the sky has the constellations of autumn. Neddy bursts into tears when he realizes his life is not perfect and joyful; it is full of troubles that he cannot turn a blind eye to. John Cheever skillfully describes the emotional state of the character. The writer uses a set of descriptions, symbols and dialogues that reflect Neddy Merrill’s inner state. The nature reflects the character’s emotions and feelings and wakes him up to reality. What makes this piece of writing a masterpiece is that it is a plausible story that shows how life difficulties can lead to self-deception; however, there will definitely be a trigger that will open one’s eyes to reality and a mirage will vanish. Works cited Cheever, John. â€Å"The Swimmer.† The Library of America, 2009, pp. 726 – 737, https://loa-shared.s3.amazonaws.com/static/pdf/Cheever_Swimmer.pdf. Accessed 19 Oct. 2017.

Postmodernism, By Jean Francois Lyotard - 2006 Words

Postmodernism itself means, â€Å"after present times,† but how can we be in an age of something past the present? It is a way of thinking that’s easy to identify but rather hard to define, though world renowned french philosopher Jean-Francois Lyotard tried to in his research as, â€Å"Simplifying to the extreme, I define postmodernism as incredulity toward metanarratives.† The beauty of postmodernism is the subtle, the things you might not catch the first few viewings, and often appear to pay homage to some older tale, but actually mock it. Postmodernism seeks to challenge what we’ve held as truth through tradition and force people to use their brains for themselves. In this work, Gilliam worked to actively create layers of this movie using a†¦show more content†¦This first layer of The Hero’s Journey is the fact that this text is presented almost as a remastering but parodies the entire plot, and still follows the same style of story of the Holy Grail. In a sense, this text seeks to prove how all the epics are the same by doing the absurd while following the exact same pattern as them all, questioning the very patterns as a whole first. As detailed in the First Chapter of The hero with a thousand faces, all these champions receive supernatural help, and guidance. Making fun of nearly all the useless mentors, Tim basically points the group to their death because he wants to watch them die, the modern day equivalent being Apple Maps. Luckily for this group of medieval knights, God has bestowed upon them the Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch, how convenient. Both a tale of messages about monsters and our solutions to them, the killer rabbit really characterizes fears we may not know of due to appearance. These messages are: don’t assume every monster is going to be obvious to identify, and evil comes in all shapes and sizes. The most convenient thing in any epic tale is the travel, whether it be wings or just time j umps for the sake of storytelling, there’s no room for wasting time. After the group assembles they immediately split up to cover better ground each going off to face their own Moby Dick. Rather than filming aShow MoreRelatedEssay on A Postmodern Tendancy in Their Eyes Were Watching God1923 Words   |  8 Pagesfact that, despite the voluminous attention given to Their Eyes Were Watching God, critics have failed to explore every facet of the novel. Ihab Hassan writes, in Toward a Concept of Postmodernism, that we can look at writers of the past and realize their postmodernity. His theory fits with the idea that postmodernism is not a movement, but a trait that is exhibited by certain authors pushing the limits of their time. 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Evaluating The BSC As A Performance Management Tool Free Essays

string(119) " area on direction to concentrate merely on short term consequences at the disbursal of long term growing and success\." Abstraction In of all time altering concern landscape, the concerns face the intensified competition and see the outgrowth of more knowing and demanding clients in a free market epoch. Therefore mensurating organisational public presentation entirely on the footing of fiscal indexs will merely reflect the past public presentation but will supply really small penetration into long term sustainability and therefore considered to be unequal and deceptive. Balanced Scorecard ( BSC ) introduced by Kaplan and Nortan tried to intermix other facets in add-on to the so called fiscal indexs. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluating The BSC As A Performance Management Tool or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consequently, the BSC in add-on to fiscal position introduced cardinal public presentation indexs around three dimensions viz. client, internal concern procedures and larning A ; growing. However, despite its well rounded and advanced design and broad acceptance in organisations the full potency of it is yet to be achieved chiefly due to evolvement of dimensions in today ‘s context beyond the four positions in its design and besides due to hapless execution. Therefore BSC should continually be refined taking into consideration the cardinal success factors which affects organisational public presentation while beef uping the execution. Introduction TO BALANCED SCORECARD ( BSC ) Traditionally the fiscal indexs such as net net income, Return on Investments ( RoI ) , Earnings Per Share ( EPS ) , Price Earning ( P/E ) ratio and etc. , as an unwritten regulation, were considered as the basis on which the public presentation or the wellness of organisations was measured which in bend formed the footing on which the public presentation of members at all degrees of the organisations was measured. However, with the intensified competition and outgrowth of more knowing and demanding clients in a free market era the concern landscape underwent a paradigm displacement. Therefore mensurating organisational public presentation and in bend the public presentation of employees entirely on the footing of fiscal steps which efficaciously represent the lagging indexs of past public presentation and holding a small prognostic value was considered as inappropriate. In the sense the past consequences will non guarantee the hereafter public presentation, instead the long term sus tainability of any organisation depends upon assorted other factors such as nucleus competences of people coupled with occupation satisfaction and citizenship, strength of client relationship, acquisition and invention, internal concern procedures, engineering, quality and etc. which in bend better topographic point the organisation to bask a sustainable competitory advantage. As a consequence, a public presentation measuring system which blends all the facets including so called fiscal indexs was considered as more appropriate since it would let organisations to mensurate yesteryear every bit good as to foretell how the hereafter would look like ( prognostic value ) . In this background, Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton in 1992 introduced the construct of â€Å" Balanced Scorecard ( BSC ) † with a set of steps which complements fiscal steps of past public presentation with drivers of future public presentation and thereby to hold a holistic, incorporate position of concern public presentation. Though the name was new, the construct was an development of assorted constructs introduced under figure of theories and constructs like Activity Based Management, Management By Objectives, Total Quality Management, Strategic Management, Delegation of Authority ( authorization ) , Decentralization of Decision-Making and etc. , but what is alone about BSC is that it combined the critical kernel of all these constructs and theories into an integrated measuring system of public presentation ( Ghosh S. A ; Mukherjee S – 2006 ) . BSC is a strategic direction system ( non simply a public presentation measuring system ) and enables organisations to incorporate their strategies/visions around specific aims, ends and steps. Then those aims and ends along with the designed public presentation steps ( KPIs ) are shared and communicated across the organisation. Further, Targets are planned and set to aline with strategic enterprises. Consequently the BSC in add-on to Financial position ( traditional public presentation measuring index ) introduced cardinal public presentation indexs around three dimensions viz. client, internal concern procedures and larning A ; growing and attempted to reply the undermentioned four cardinal inquiries. 1. How do clients see us? 2. What must we stand out at? 3. Can we go on to better and make value? 4. How do we look to stockholders? The rational put frontward on these four positions are knowledge A ; accomplishments of employees is the foundation of all invention and betterments ( Learning A ; Growth position ) , skilled and empowered employees will better the ways they work ( Internal Process position ) , improved work procedures will take to increased client satisfaction ( Customer position ) and eventually increased client satisfaction will take to better fiscal consequences ( Financial position ) ( Ghosh S. A ; Mukherjee S.- 2006 ) Since the construct of BSC was foremost introduced in 1992, many organisations globally every bit good as locally adopted the BSC as their public presentation measuring tool due to its advanced attack and besides due to the fact that it has â€Å" balanced † the cardinal dimensions of public presentation straight associating with vision, mission and schemes. However, this does non propose that all organisations have achieved success and design of BSC is perfect but instead BSC exhibited good rounded attack to public presentation direction. However, we witness that universe has changed significantly since 1992 and this is non different when it comes to concern landscape. Therefore it is worthwhile to critically measure whether BSC still holds the all positions to better mensurate the organisational public presentation and what betterments can be made to it to mensurate current public presentation every bit good as to beef up its prognostic value. CRITICAL EVALUATION OF BSC AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF BSC The apprehension of BSC and its implicit in doctrine has placed in a better place to critically measure BSC on its positive and negative facets in the current context. As discussed in the preceding subdivision, the BSC made a major discovery in mensurating public presentation beyond the traditional fiscal steps which chiefly focused on stockholder value creative activity. Puting excessively much trust on stockholders ‘ value creative activity will set force per unit area on direction to concentrate merely on short term consequences at the disbursal of long term growing and success. You read "Evaluating The BSC As A Performance Management Tool" in category "Essay examples" Further, unlike in the past today organisations are responsible for broad array of stakeholders internally and externally including stockholders. Furthermore stockholders are besides demanding an penetration into long term sustainability in add-on to short term consequences. As an illustration in the recent yesteryear we witnessed several corporate failures such as Golden Key, Enron ( USA ) , Sathyam Computers in India, Lehman Brothers ( USA ) and WorldCom ( USA ) and etc. , due to inordinate trust on fiscal indexs to mensurate public presentation. If I may farther lucubrate the former Chairman of Sathyam Computers informed all concerned parties via his missive dated 7 January 2009 that the Company misrepresented its financials to run into the analysts ‘ fiscal prognosiss and marks set. Furthermore, unlike the conventional public presentation measuring systems, the BSC clearly communicate the factors that drive public presentation and so ease the public presentation measuring procedure on the footing of drivers indentified under each of four positions. The application of BSC allows mensurating public presentation from a four broader positions and alining each step with vision, mission and schemes. This has helped organisations to strike a balance between both short term and long term concerns, fiscal and non fiscal concerns, and internal and external concerns. In add-on to its primary function as a public presentation measuring tool, the BSC besides has been instrumental in puting the foundation for a new strategic direction system enabling organisations to present new administration and renew procedures concentrating on scheme. BSC with clearly defined KPIs and measurement standards under each position allows direction to measure its strengths and failings and thereby it prompts them to place the root causes of dismaying signals to collar the state of affairss before they get aggravated. As an illustration if BSC indicates that there is an issue in the client service so the Company can turn to before clients shift to rivals. Besides it allows reacting to the challenges posed by competitory and of all time altering environment as organisations are dynamic and see a much broader image of the organisation and its environment. Further, the rating of concern public presentation with BSC system aid to instill forces subject and motive as in certain cases the employees and even direction do non cognize they are engage in and executing something inappropriate. As an illustration despite the betterments in gross ( fiscal position ) if clients are non happy ( client position ) so it would propose that the organisation should move on this and this besides would bespeak that the organisation performs below its full potency due to client issues. Despite the positive facets, the BSC besides suffers from major failings and could be discussed as below: First BSC seeking to break up the organisational public presentation measuring standards into four major positions but in the current context the organisational public presentation and long term sustainability are impacted by factors beyond what were originally introduced. These factors chiefly include the Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR ) and environmental concerns. The construct of Triple Bottom Line ( TPL – Net income, People and Planet ) has gained impulse in the recent yesteryear which described that organisational public presentation should be measured in footings of a ) economic ( traditional ) B ) environmental and hundred ) societal positions. The construct of CSR ( societal facet ) in nutshell demands all entities to be socially responsible as a good corporate citizen and should lend towards run intoing society ‘s outlooks. The environmental facet concerns that the activities of the entity should be conducted in a manner that do non harm the environment in which the entity operates. Here the accent is that the mere accomplishments of economic marks with no due attention to other facets will unlikely to guarantee the long term sustainability and growing. As a consequence the focal point on environmental and CSR has been a cardinal portion of today strategic direction procedure but yet to be an built-in portion of BSC. Further, adding more fuel to this is the regular companies describing ( including one-year studies ) contain detail subdivisions about the part towards CSR and entities environment footmark. Further, the providers, rivals and regulators have besides non been portion of BSC but it can be argued that providers and ordinances could be portion of Internal Process position but in today ‘s concern environment, consciousness about providers and rivals ‘ actions are considered to be critical for endurance and hence mere inclusion within Internal Process position might non do the demand. Further, the impact of ordinances has been widened over the old ages and hence should be a cardinal index to mensurate public presentation. Another position is the ethical behaviour and adhering to core values of the organisation in accomplishing the aims. In this it is of import to measure how the aims are achieved without simply looking at how much was achieved. The above suggest that BSC should non be limited to its original positions which would hold been sufficient and appropriate given the environment prevailed at the clip of its debut but instead it should be a dynamic procedure whereby parametric quantities are continually refined ( non inactive but dynamic ) to run into the demands of the of all time altering environment and to better topographic point organisations to accomplish their schemes. However, adding more positions will ensue in BSC go more complex and will take to more steps being included ensuing in issues at execution. Another observation is that the positions in BSC may non be every bit applicable and hence may non portion equal weights or prominence for all organisations and even all divisions within an entity. The BSC should be driven by overall concern schemes and hence companies may be bias towards the dimensions in BSC that closely relate their strategic purpose. As an illustration the comparative importance of positions for an investing company and fabrication set up will be different. Further, a division like Research A ; Development will hold really small fiscal accent other than pull offing within allocated budget bounds in contract the Finance A ; Treasury Division. All the above suggest that the BSC should be broadened to include new dimensions but this exercising should to be done with a careful idea procedure otherwise BSC would be â€Å" bias † instead than â€Å" balanced † and finally go more complex. My recommendation to efficaciously manage this demand is to do increased specialisation and thereby to hold industry specific BSC formats and assign weights to different steps ( both fiscal and non-financial ) on the footing of their importance to the industry sector is concerned. The delegating equal weights to all positions are non practical and appropriate. Further, the organisations who have adopted BSC have been delegating weights in order of importance. Furthermore, with all these contentions the mechanization of balanced mark card should non be overlooked and for it to move as a uninterrupted monitoring tool and supply feedback, the organisations should ever seek to automatize the BSC. Another point I have noticed is inclusion of big figure of fiscal and non fiscal steps within BSC doing it really complex to supervise and give feedback on a regular basis ensuing in the organisations are happening it hard to acquire the full benefits. Therefore it is recommended that merely cardinal steps are considered which guarantee smooth execution. The mechanization suggested supra would assist in turn toing this concern. Apart from betterment points discussed above the undermentioned recommendations could besides be used to do the execution of BSC successful ( Zairi M. A ; Jarrar Y – 2010 ) : An organization-wide acceptance of BSC, i.e. covering all cardinal organisational maps ; Use BSC to supply nonsubjective informations for concern determinations ; Ensure committedness, to and buy-in for, the BSC at all organisational degrees, peculiarly at the top ; More accent on preparation ; Align the wages and acknowledgment system straight with BSC ; and Facilitate execution by interrupting down organisational barriers which hampers its successful execution. Decision Despite superior design and fullness concentrating on broad array of positions which have a direct bearing on current and future public presentation of organisations, the BSC is yet to accomplish its full potency due to issues related to its design and hapless execution. However, BSC still prevails as an influential and widely used and recognized model for measuring of public presentation. The most appropriate manner to travel frontward, to prolong BSC popularity and to acquire the best consequences, is to continually polish the BSC on the footing of critical success factors act uponing organisational public presentation. It is disputing to interpret the BSC with of all time altering concern demands but the hereafter of BSC depends upon how it changes itself to suit in the current expression. Further, the debut of specialised BSC formats based on the different sectors could besides be utile to hold a proper mix of public presentation steps under each position in order of importance. Last but non least the mechanization of BSC would assist to get the better of most of the issues associated with execution. Mentions AND BIBILIOGRAPHY Armstrong, M. ( 2008 ) , Performance Management: Key schemes and practical guidelines, ( 3rd ed. ) India: Kogan Page Ghosh S. A ; Mukherjee S. Article on Measurement Of Corporate Performance Through Balanced Scorecard: An Overview in the Vidyasagar University Journal of Commerce Vol. 11, March 2006 hypertext transfer protocol: //histrategy.blogspot.com/2011/02/balanced-scorecard-tool-in-strategy.html retrieved on 04 May 2011 Letter issued by Ramalinga R. B. ( Former Chairman of Sathyam Computers Services Limited ) on 7 January 2009 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ecbpm.com/files/Performance % 20Management/Best % 20Practice % 20for % 20Implementing % 20the % 20Balanced % 20Scorecard.pdf retrieved on 13 May 2011 – Research Paper: RP-ECBPM/0027 by Zairi M. A ; Jarrar Y. on Best Practices for Implementing the Balanced Scorecard ( 2010 ) How to cite Evaluating The BSC As A Performance Management Tool, Essay examples

Too Much Pressure Not for Me. free essay sample

I was sweating even though it was cold. I was tense even though I was on vacation. My school work was done, so that wasn’t the problem. I was in the midst of filling my first order for Keepa Kouture, a fashion yarmulke company I co-founded with a friend, and everything seemed to be going wrong. The day had started on a much more positive note. I had been awakened by my adorable sister, who handed me a UPS package. The samples of the trendy yarmulkes I design and sell had arrived. I was overwhelmed with joy until I realized that the samples that had arrived, which were made of beautiful fabric and design, lacked the perfect workmanship that I expected. I called my partner, who was supposed to be in town to join me in presenting the samples, but he had decided to spend the day with his girlfriend. We will write a custom essay sample on Too Much Pressure? Not for Me. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the middle of that conversation I got another call from the executive editor of Modern Jeweler Magazine, where I had done a summer internship. He wanted some pictures for one of the articles I had written about a pearl company owned by my friend’s mother who was having some business challenges. I also had to make final arrangements for my visit to Boston University the next day. Too much pressure? Not for me. I shook off the cold and tension and spent the rest of the day making phone calls and sending emails, getting the details right for all of my various projects. My visit to Boston University was exhilarating and ended with a visit to the Hillel House, where an amazing business idea hit me: I would make college specific, fashionable yarmulkes to be sold to Jewish students who want to display their fashion sense and school pride. I got the jewelry pictures from my photographer to the editor, just beating the deadline. I wish I could report that I had the same amount of s uccess with my business order. Instead I opted to wait and perfect the product. Although I failed in this endeavor in the short run, I was not daunted I know that with every failure come knowledge and experience, and I would never let a bump on the road stop me. After I talked to the manufacturer and explained the deficiencies in the samples, we set up a new launch date. I now have two large orders for the merchandise that I know will please the customers. But that doesnt mean something else wont go wrong.

Political Economy and Culture in Japan

Use Your Marketing Calendar Without WordPress

Use Your Marketing Calendar Without WordPress Youre a fan (because youre awesome). So you know  you traditionally started with a WordPress blog, then connected it to your marketing calendar. Well, now works as a fully functional, all-in-one marketing calendar- even outside of WordPress. You heard that right: You can now use as a standalone content calendar for any marketing youre planning- and you can get started with or without WordPress! Use Your Marketing Calendar Without WordPress [New Feature!]Plan Everything In One Marketing Calendar Theres a lot more to marketing than just blogging with your WordPress blog. Theres a brand new way to use to plan any  type of content: E-books Advertisements Twitter chats Brochures White papers Events Videos You get the picture. Now you can use s content feature to plan, write, and manage all of your marketing projects from beginning to end. Create Content Super Easily There are many different ways to create content. Now you can use and connect those directly  into : s content editor Evernote Google Docs WordPress However you  manage your content, brings it together into a single marketing calendar to help you plan everything together. That saves loads of time sifting through emails  and  searching for links. Use Your Content Anywhere Once youre done creating your content, you can easily export it to use it anywhere: Download it as HTML. Download it to a  PDF. Export it as a WordPress blog post. Share a link for others to see and download it (great for approvals and  content partnerships). Want it as a Word doc? That’s coming your way soon. Share Any Online Content Via Social Media Wherever you publish your content, you can always use your  social queue in to share it with your fans, followers, and friends. Use With Or Without WordPress You can always add in your WordPress blog later. So theres nothing stopping you from starting your free 14-day trial of . Get started today with your marketing calendar for everything! How will you use your marketing calendar without WordPress?

Anything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Anything - Essay Example The current compensation system is not motivating the employees sufficiently. A lot of the employees lack experience and educational credentials. Half of the staff has been working for the store for less than six months and these workers are either high school or college students. The sales of the company are below the expectations of the parent company. It is imperative for the company to improve the communication between the managerial staff and the workers. This can be achieved through the implementation of feedback systems. A feedback system can be implemented by simply putting a suggestion box in a wall so that the employees can express themselves and provide ideas. A lot of times the best ideas are hidden in the minds of the blue collar workers. The firm has to immediately deal with the preparation of the staff. The company has too many unqualified employees working for the company. In an ideal situation all the employees of the company would hold at least bachelors degree. The re are a lot of young employees working for the company that lack work experience. The retail industry has become extremely competitive. A way for the company to improve the motivation of its workers is by offering scholarships to the best performing employees. The scholarship award will be worth $5,000 per semester. Motivating the employees is critical towards resolving the employee morale problem. â€Å"High employee morale means that employees are happy, and this is reflective in the kind of work they produce† (Ehow). A way to improve the employee morale is by instituting a new compensation system. The new compensation system will include a wide variety of fringe benefits for the employees. Some of the fringe benefits the company can offer in its new compensation plan include extended vacations, health and dental plan, the availability of flexible time, free access to a gymnasium, and parental and maternal leave. It will also include a stock option plan and yearly bonuses to the employees. The store also has to improve the knowledge base of its workers. To achieve that goal the firm will use two strategies. The first strategy is to provide training and development to all its employees. Some of the topics that should be included in the training and development sessions include interpersonal skills, active listening, customer service, verbal and written communication skills, and leadership. To optimize the efficiency and costs of the training sessions the firm should use more than one method. The training can be given in-house by one of the managers or the firm could hire an outside consultant to provide the training. Another option for the company is to give the training and development through online lessons. The second strategy that the company will utilize to increase the knowledge base among its staff is by hiring five new employees. The minimum educational credential that the new employees will hold is a bachelor’s degree. All of the new e mployees must have a minimum of three years of working experience after graduation from college. The company will also implement a new system in which the workers will be empowered by delegating more responsibility to them. The leadership style that I would use to deal with the problems at the retail store is teamwork. The company will be broken down into five work teams. Each work team will be supervised by either an employee with five or more years of experience at the company or an

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Human Resource Development - Essay Example Because the soft learning of management training is not measured currently, Westway Land requires a different human resources model to determine management growth in training using a Critical Incidents Technique and alterations to how HR approaches the assessment of management learning. Because the movement from a junior-level position to a middle management position requires maintaining the specific skills and competencies necessary to fulfill a higher-influence role in business activities, Westway Land requires a template by which these competencies can be measured from identified trainee to trainee. The critical incidents technique describes a series of hypothetical management situations or other relevant encounters, asking for a specific solution from trainee members regarding how best to appropriately handle these situations. Based on the individual demands of the business, whether the middle management positions entail heavy customer interaction or simply the organisation of subordinate employee job roles, the critical incidents template can be constructed at a relatively low cost, with low staff investment in its design, to capture the essence of management job roles after training has occurred. Because the systems and processes already exist at the company which measure individual job performance and clearly outline the role responsibilities in management positions, the critical incidents techniques should be constructed with 10-15 unique circumstances, calling for an ultimate qualitative analysis of assessed manager responses. Lau and Neal (2009) offers that significant contributions to what drives employee satisfaction are job security, communication, autonomous working environments, and compensation. With this in mind, from a rather practical HR viewpoint, if the junior manager’s new role (upon training completion) will involve a heavy focus on staff interventions and project leadership roles, assessment criteria built into the new critical

Management and Leadership

Management and Leadership Effective Management and Leadership The most powerful and successful business organizations have understood the importance of a key attribute in their achievements and accomplishments. This is the importance and significance of efficient management and leadership. Empirical and theoretical studies have found evidence that the prevailing notion about leadership and management was masked in air of secrecy (Mulec, 2006: Pg 67). Such an attitude has persisted until recently when research has found that a set of competencies and skills are essential for effective management and leadership. Leadership requires the maximum utilization of innate and intrinsic potential. Business leaders must be dynamic and proactive with their ability to inspire confidence in their followers. They must have a clear vision and mission statement in order to achieve business and organizational goals. They should make everyone part of the organizational process. Leaders focus on the broad aspects of acquiring operational excellence. The democratic system of leadership calls for respecting the initiative and feedback of employees. The ability to enhance the productivity and output of the business organization has been identified as a major competency of leadership. The advantages of such an approach are that the leaders can distribute and allocate tasks to different team members. Each team member will work towards the achievement and accomplishment of the major business goal. Empirical and theoretical studies have identified transformational leadership as being effective and efficient as opposed to other leadership styles (Trevino, Hartman Brown, 2000: Pg 129). Transformational leadership seeks to apply innovation and creativity in order to achieve business and organizational goals. It also seeks to provide an honest and simple appraisal and performance of the employees. Management is another important skill which must be present in order to achieve business and organizational goals. The basic competency of managers is their ability to engage in systematic and methodical planning. This involves identifying barriers to progress and setting targets. A target oriented approach helps management to achieve business and organizational goals. Another important competency for managers is that of organization (Watson, 2001: Pg 386). They must systematically understand the various work processes and requirements. Each task should be divided and distributed to the work force. Further managers are successful by their ability to delegate and receive reports from employees. This is a multi level approach which seeks to achieve business and organizational goals. Management must be able to use strategic management in order to create vision and direction for the guidance of the organization. They must be able to understand the external and internal factors that affect the performance and success of business organizations. They must be able to apply innovation and creativity in order to resolve problems. Effective manag ement also requires a system of checks and controls to monitor the work process (Watson, 2001: Pg 386). This provides the managers with real time information about the success or failure of any business process. From the list of skills that you have generated, select three personal skills and three professional skills a manager needs to be effective in their role (support with personal examples where you can). Explain how these skills contribute to meeting both organisational and personal goals. Discuss what methods you can use to improve both your personal as well as professional skills. Personal and Professional Skills Managers need to have different personal and professional skills in order to accomplish the goals and objectives of the business organization. They must be able to successfully implement these skills for resolving business problems (Wilson Holton, 2003: Pg 123). Further managers should seek to integrate and coordinate various skills to produce optimum solutions. At the basic level, management should have clear idea and vision about the organizational goals. This is necessary because it identifies and recognizes the external and internal factors affecting the business organization. As a manager, I sought to improve our market access to China. This was done through a systematic audit and analysis of the business environment. Managers should also be able to inspire confidence and trust amongst their employees. This is done by directly linking employee growth with the organizational growth. The ability to motivate and inspire team members is now considered a vital component of effective management (Wilson Holton, 2003: Pg 124). At the professional level, managers should be able to work with teams. They should apply intuition and critical thinking skills in order to achieve business and organizational goals. Finally the management must have superior levels of planning, organization, and coordination (Wilson Holton, 2003: Pg 126). Accomplishing Organizational and Personal Goals Managers must seek to work with teams by motivating and inspiring them. Such a process helps to create an atmosphere of collaboration and cooperation. It also can resolve potential conflicts in the work place. It also leads to exchange of information. Further the tasks are divided in order to prevent some employees from being overburdened. Advice and initiative from employees should be appreciated in order to promote efficiency and effectiveness (Wilson, Lenssen, Hind, 2006: Pg 134). Management must also empower employees to apply innovation and creativity in resolving business and organizational problems. A multi level approach in management helps to resolve business problems. It also assists in maintaining the competitive edge of the business organization. Improvement of Personal and Professional Skills Management development is a crucial and significant element of the entire business process. This is because managers are the agents of change and dynamism in the business organization. The improvement of personal and professional skills requires the constant application of intuition and critical problem solving skills. Managers should frequently use a number of techniques like brainstorming, analogizing, and discussions in order to improve their skills (Wilson, Lenssen, Hind, 2006: Pg 135). Analogizing refers to the use of personal experiences in solving business problems. A practical and scenario based approach will assist the management in boosting and upgrading their skills. This is a multi level approach that seeks to optimize the various competencies of business managers. Personal Skills Audit Rating Your Management and Leadership Skills Skill Very Good Satisfactory Needs Improvement Poor Not Tested Teamwork Requires some enhancement Resolving Problems Needs to be proactive and dynamic Motivate and inspire others This is the core competency Planning and preparation Knowledge of key planning concepts required Organizing Unable to effectively and efficiently organize Coordination Can coordinate and integrate various work processes Critical problem solving Ability to identify problems in a proactive and dynamic manner Communication skills Requires knowledge of basic communication skills Present an analysis of the various personal and professional skills of which you have carried out a self-assessment in the class including an assessment of your learning style. Based on the rating and the results of the self-assessments write a brief overview of your leadership and management skills in terms of strengths and weaknesses. Analysis of Personal and Professional Skills My personal skills as a manager involve the use of teamwork and resolving problems in an efficient and effective manner. It also involves the use of smart and prudent strategies that can analyze and audit the business environment. Managers need to have strategies which can assist the organization in achieving its targets (Hickman, 2006: Pg 67). This involves the application of robust and energetic strategies. It also seeks to identify the appropriate actions and thoughts that enable managers to have high levels of perception and awareness about the dynamics of the business organization. Further there should be a management model in the organization that identifies and recognizes the skills required. My personal and professional skills seek to accomplish high levels of transparency and fairness in the business organization. Personal and professional skills should be enhanced and boosted in order to produce superior business outcomes. Managers should be able to generate motivation and stimulus in the work force instead of attempting to discipline and intimidate them. This is the management style of twenty first century that seeks to produce flexible, open, and dynamic business models. This should be the context in which personal and professional skills should be developed and enhanced. Strengths and Weaknesses Motivating and inspiring the work force is my core competency in the field of management. This involves providing adequate and competent instructions to the work force regarding the targets and goals. It also seeks to address employee concerns and take feedback from them. Motivation and inspiration are the main attributes that are identified in empirical and theoretical studies about modern management styles (Jung, 2001: Pg 21). It helps to transform rigid and inflexible hierarchies within organizations into dynamic and robust business models. Another core competency is coordination which seeks to interrelate and interlink the various business processes. It seeks to achieve business goals in a prudent and smart manner. Organization of work processes and communication skills need to be boosted and augmented. This is a major weakness of my management skills which needs to be effectively and efficiently remedied. Organization of the work processes is identified as a major competency whi ch seeks to distribute and allocate the work processes. There is a need to upgrade and augment various business and organizational skills in order to achieve efficiency and effectiveness. Personal Development Plan Establish your career goals and objectives and the skills required to meet these objectives. Put together a realistic Personal Development Plan to demonstrate how you intend to address the learning and development needs that you have identified. Consider your preferred learning style when establishing learning actions. Establishment of Career Goals and Objectives My career goals and objectives are to improve and augment my management and leadership skills. Management should seek to improve productivity and output while reducing the administrative and structural costs (Bass, 2005: Pg 26). It also seeks to identify and recognize the changes in the business and market environment. Developing and boosting skills requires the use of innovative and creative learning methods. Problems and scenarios should be used in order to augment and develop management skills. Further there needs to be significant improvement in communication and organization skills. Managers need to have efficient and effective planning, organization, coordination, and preparation skills. These objectives and goals can be achieved through a systematic and methodical appraisal and audit of the various factors. This calls for the development of team work, interpersonal, monitoring, checking, and evaluation skills. A comprehensive and broad system of checks and balances should exis t which would provide managers with real time information. It helps to them to modify or change strategies that are not achieving their targets. Further career goals and objectives should be implemented in a systematic and methodical manner in order to produce superior outcomes. This will also increase the chances of producing better business outcomes. Such a strategy adopts a multi level approach towards the resolution of business problems. Personal Development Plan Given the rapidly evolving business landscape, it is essential that any personal development plan take into account the new variables and factors affecting management. The personal development plan involves transforming management into a role model that can be successfully emulated by subordinates. It should seek to empower employees by making them owners of the work process. Further management should implement a system of appraisal and evaluation which would assist in streamlining and automating the work process. A personal development plan can be achieved if assessment instruments are used to test and gauge the levels of efficiency and effectiveness. Such instruments would create benchmarks that need to be modified and altered in order to produce superior outcomes. Further the personal development plan should utilize strengths in order to overcome weaknesses and limitations. It should also use appropriate strategic management skills in order to effectively assess the business probl ems. Communication skills need to be upgraded in order to reduce communication gaps. Further it should also focus on resolving conflicts in teams. Communication skills can assist in the development of competencies that seek to improve interaction and interface with upper management, colleagues, subordinates and customers. It seeks to apply proactive and dynamic approaches in order to achieve business and organizational goals. Evaluation and Review Implement your personal development plan and maintain a reflective record on ongoing basis. At the end of the term present an evaluation of the whole learning process including the effectiveness and impact of the learning on your career path as well as the impact of learning styles on personal development Implementation of Personal Development Plan The personal development plan should clearly identify and recognize objectives and goals. It should seek to break the objectives into long term, medium term, and short term. Further the goals should be realistic and accurate based upon the strengths. It should seek to utilize these strengths in overcoming limitations and hurdles. After this it is vital to conduct research into the various strategies that can help accomplish these objectives. The barriers and hurdles to progress should be highlighted in order to achieve efficiency and effectiveness (Burns, 2005: Pg 154). Skills should be divided and prioritized in order to achieve maximum results. The skills that are in immediate need of improvement and augmentation should be applied in order to produce superior outcomes. Further there is also the concern that some strategies might not work. In this case, the personal development plan should have contingency plans which can respond to unforeseeable circumstances. An important componen t of personal development plans is the division of large tasks into small ones. This helps to motivate and stimulate the manager in learning new competencies and skills. Further it also seeks to facilitate and assist in the process of learning and development. The use of a multi level approach will help the manager in achieving efficiency and effectiveness (Kuhnert, 2004: Pg 649). Personal development plans should integrate and utilize creativity and innovation. This calls for the use of critical thinking skills which produce solutions to business and personal issues. Further the personal development plan should take into account the ground realities. The manager should study new literature on management and business. They must also attend short trainings, seminars, and workshops which focus on improvement of vital skills. Further the business environment provides ample ground for the manager to test and upgrade skills. Making extra efforts will enable the managers to develop their business and personal skills. The personal development plan should be smart and prudent to understand the manager limitations and weaknesses. It should seek to adopt a formal and informal method of ensuring that business goals are accomplished and achieved. It should seek to rationalize the various strategies that are used to boost and upgrade the skills and competencies. Any personal development plan can succeed only if the management has motivation and stimulus to perform at optimum levels. Managers should be able to forecast any changes in the business or work environment. They should have contingency plans which can reduce or mitigate adverse circumstances. Also it is essential that a proactive management philosophy be adopted in order to achieve organizational and business objectives. References: Mulec, K. (2006), Positive professional leaders: aspects to consider in leadership development, Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, Vol. 27 No. 1, pp. 66-81. Trevino, L.K., Hartman, L.P. and Brown, M. (2000), Moral person and moral manager: how executives develop a reputation for ethical leadership, California Management Review, Vol. 42, pp. 128-42. Watson, T.J. (2001), Beyond managism: negotiated narratives and critical management education in practice, British Journal of Management, Vol. 12, pp. 385-96. Wilson, A. and Holton, V. (2003), Changing Manager Mindsets Report of the Working Group on the Development of Professional Skills for the Practice of Corporate Social Responsibility, Department of Trade and Industry/The Corporate Responsibility Group, London. Wilson, A., Lenssen, G. and Hind, P. (2006), Leadership Qualities and Management Competencies for Corporate Responsibility, Ashridge/EABIS, Berkhamsted. Hickman, Gill Robinson. â€Å"Transforming Organizations to Transform Society.† In Kellogg Leadership Studies Project, Transformational Leadership Working Papers, The James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership, 2006. Jung, Dong I. â€Å"Perceptions of Transformational Leadership Among Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans: A Level of Analysis Perspective.† The Journal of Leadership Studies 8, no. 1 (2001): 3-21. Bass, B. M. (2005). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, (Winter): 19-31. Burns, J. M. (2005). Leadership. New York: Harper Row Kuhnert, Karl W. â€Å"Transactional and Transformational Leadership: A Constructive/Developmental Analysis.† Academy of Management Review 12, no. 4 (2004): 648-657.

A Midsummer Nights Dream Journal Essay

I am personally not a big fan of Shakespeare although by reviewing the play A Midsummer night’s dream, I’m starting to like Shakespeare’s different ideas and how most of his writing and plays involve falling in love and such. This play is mostly about four couples falling in love with the wrong person because they were potioned by a magic fairy in a forest. The setting of this play mostly took place at a forest and the time was night when the play reached its climax. In the beginning of the play, I felt like it was just one of those Shakespeare’s play where there are more dialogues than actions; but as the play keep progressing it started to get a little more intense and enjoyable to read more about the play to find out what might happen next. The part that i found to be really interesting is when the fairies put the magic potion on the wrong person’s eyelid’s and later on he woke up and fell in love with the first person he saw. That caused a lot of conflict where later in the play Hermia was jealous over helena due to the fact that both guy are going after her and challenges her to a fight. As the night progressed, Lysander who Hermia loved is chasing Helena because of the magic potion that was cast upon him and demeitrius. Later in the morning, the potion wore off but Demetrius kept his love for Helena. The production for this play is going to be epic in my opinion. I personally love plays that take plays in the nature such as the forest or somewhere in the wild. It gives the play a life of nature rather than the setting of the play being in a city or a suburb. The characters in this play are really interesting and due to their actions it seems that at a live production, they will give the audience what they are looking for. A midsummer Night’s dream is one of Shakespeare’s popular play which has been played in different cities and states with many different people who has a lot of experience with acting. In this play, some of the conversations were boring and unethical. I didn’t understand few of them and what the characters trying to say to each other until I looked them up on the internet. By reviewing this play, I believe the production would be really interesting to watch. The only thing I hate about Shakespeare’s play is the use of old English which many of us cannot understand. I don’t know for a fact if this play is going to be exciting but by reading the script I think it should be an interesting play to watch because of the setting. I like plays that take place at forests which brings in more adventure and excitement to the audience because they are expecting more from the environment and the characters.

The Effect of Modern Lifestyle on Student Productivity

TOPIC: THE EFFECT OF MODERN LIFESTYLE (TECHNOLOGY) ON STUDENT PRODUCTIVITY 1. 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Background of study Over the past few decades, technology has been drastically changing the way our society functions. The current generation is becoming completely dependent on new technologies. According to â€Å"Peter H. Martorella – 1997† Technology has opened the world of communication in a way before inexperienced.It also allows for more tasks to be completed in less time. In essence, technology has made the world smaller. The danger is when we get so reliant on technology that we cease to do things ourselves, limiting our activity and interaction with the world around us. With advancement within culture and society, there are positive and negative influences. Many studies and articles had been conducted and printed upon the effect of technologies upon the modern society.As for example an article had been released by Aydan Corken on May 2009 on The Negative Effects of Advancing Technology on Society. In this particular article it stated the negative effects of the advancing technology. Among the effects of that is stated in this useful article are laziness, decreasing of the communication skills, false information and so much more. Does this also affect the students’ productivity? This had intrigued us on doing a research the negative effect of technology upon the students. William F.Massy and Robert Zemsky who writing article about Using Information Technology to Enhance Academic Productivity says that IT eases the limits of time and space for education activities and IT will bring the best lecturers to students via multimedia anytime and anywhere so that, like the recordings of the country's most celebrated artists, those of the best will drive out those of the merely good. This sort of access is especially important for the increasing numbers of nontraditional students in higher education, who often have job or family responsibilities limiting their possible school hours.So with IT they says that it will make students life easier and efficient because it can cut cost and time consume rather than using traditional ways to study which is not efficient and time consuming. A research made by Leigh Linden (2006) who takes 2,156 students from 60 Gyan Shala schools in India as sample. The researches were made to test the effectiveness of Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) towards the students found that technology really helps those students to understand about their learning. 58. 3 percent of children in fifth grade could read at the second grade level.Half of 9-10 years old school children could demonstrate basic numeric problem solving skills. This shows how technology can be implementing in students learning. If the technology is well used then the result will be astonishing. These Computer-assisted learning programs are generating excitement in India, where the high-tech industry is successful. Walter Johnson High Sc hool made a research that the internet is very beneficial for academic reasons. It provides many resources such as Dictionary. com, Thesaurus. com, Edline. net, and Collegeboard. org, which are advantageous and helpful for students.It really helps students in making their homework and assignment given by their teacher. Teachers also feel satisfied about the quality of work done by the student. With technology, learning enterprise much more outcome-oriented, a change that has important implications for learning productivity. In fact, the areas that have made the most inroads with IT are subjects like foreign languages, math, and writing, whose outcomes can be most easily delineated. Continuous assessment provides the data needed to map the relation between cost and benefit, thus opening the way for experimentation and innovation.In other words technology will empower students to have greater control over the learning process, with all the benefits associated with active learning and personal responsibility. Not only will students decide when to learn and how to learn, increasingly they will also decide what to learn and how that learning is to be certified But according to the NY Times, a study in 2010 from the Kaiser Family Foundation revealed that children and teens â€Å"spend more than seven and a half hours a day (on an electronic device), compared with less than six and a half hours five years ago. The number of hours has probably increased since then due to the new inventions of this modern age. So parents nowadays are questioning about the effect of technology towards their kids productivity. This is because technology such as hand phone, laptop or video games can make this kid negligent with the technology. It appears that students are unable to focus on their school work during class and at home because of the increasing number of media outlets and new, appealing uses of modern technology. One of the researchers says that Technology may cause numerou s health problems.For example, according to Practice, Medical News Today, PR Log and Poynton, scientists, researchers and doctors such as Darius Lakdawalla, Tomas Philipson, Amy Drescher and Charles Poynton are concerned about the links between technology, obesity/heart problems, eye strain, deafness and muscle issues. This will cause students productivity decreasing because of health problems. Students who use hand phones or laptop for a period of time can cause eye problems or changes in behavior. The students could not give a full commitment to their productivity if they have health problems. So this will decrease their productivity.Gloria (essay. forum. com) says that technology helps improve high educational institute. Computers are used by high educational institute such as university or college across the country to help improve student learning ability. Computer simulation is used in flight school to allow students learning to fly without risks of accidents. University and c ollege use computers in testing environments to allow students taking tests to get instant feedback. Many students use the internet for research or getting online help. This proves that technology simply increase the productivity effectively and efficiently.This is mainly because there are only few researches that had been done or available towards this topic. Many researchers in the past had argued upon this topic as their result are various and they still fail in finding a definite result. Based on a research that had been done in the United States on The impact of Education Technology on student Achievement by John Schacter in 1999 it stated that the students that use technology in their students have a higher passing rate and consume less time in their studies. This clash with the book that was wrote by Junko Yamamoto, C. Jay Hertzog, Joseph C.Kush, Ron Lombar (Technology Implementation and Teacher Education: Reflective Models). In this book it stated that the students will face problems such as non-participation in class, laziness and etc. Thorough this research we hope to find out the real affect of technology towards students. 1. 2 Statement of problem Students in Uitm Puncak Alam already faced the effect of technology-based lifestyle on their productivity in life. A research made by James Kulik (1994) showed that technology do not increased student productivity as technology do not had positive effect on them.Student were became heavily depended on the technology and do not realized on how the technology can possible effected them or dangerous that came with the technology will effect on their productivity. This situation showed that government should took this matter seriously as this matter can lead the country to produce unproductively. Many research can be made to find out the effect of technology on student productivity so the people will be alarmed upon this problem especially student. 1. 3 Purpose of the study Nowadays technology was became more importance to our life, no matter if you were a business man, a doctor, or a student.The bond between the technology and student at present compare to the past are much stronger. Due to this fact, a study will be done in obtaining the data in order to decode this issue. The purpose of study described in this research report to assess the student of the effect of technology in their studies, related to their productivity. 1. 4 Objective of the Study The objectives of the study are: 1. To describe how university students in Uitm Puncak Alam currently use technology in their learning. 2. To find out how technology- based lifestyle affects the university students’ in Uitm Puncak Alam productivity. . To investigate the students’ in Uitm Puncak Alam level of awareness of the potential effects of technology. 1. 5 RESEARCH QUESTION Objective 1 To describe how university students in Uitm Puncal Alam currently use technology in their learning. Research question 1: How often uni versity student in Uitm Puncak Alam use technology in their learning? What is the level of effectiveness if student in Uitm Puncak Alam use the technology in their learning? Objective 2 To find out how technology- based lifestyle affects the university students’ in Uitm Puncak Alam productivity.Research question 2: What is the effectiveness of technology towards student in Uitm Puncak Alam productivity? How does this factor influence your (student) productivity? Objective 3 To investigates the students’ in Uitm Puncak Alam level of awareness of the potential effects of technology. Research question 3: What is the level of awareness of student in Uitm Puncak Alam upon the potential effect of technology? How is the level of awareness on student in Uitm Puncak Alam affect the potential effect of technology? 1. 6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYAfter going through a deep process of searching and finding resources we had find out that there are only few research that had been done on this particular case. In addition to this fact we had also find out that currently there are still no definite result on the effect of technology towards the students Through this study we can gathered the data that were essential to this related parties such us parents, lectures, and universities or maybe even to the ministry of education. This can created the awareness of the stated parties upon the real effect of technology towards the students. The affect of this particular factor are very important as it determine and underline the reason for the success or failure of the future generations. 1. 7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY In the process of obtaining the relevant data, we had decided to choose the students of University Technology Mara [(Uitm) (Puncak Alam Branch)] as our respondent. This covered approximately 50 students that were equally divided between the diploma and degree students of this chosen university. In carrying out this study we used the â€Å"questionnaire† method and we were also been giving out a short briefing before or while the respondents answer the questionnaires.This was done to boost the effectiveness of the collected data and also to create awareness among the chosen respondent. 2. 0RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2. 1 INTRODUCTION This section discusses the methodology of the research. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the technology based-lifestyle on the degree and diploma student of University Technology Mara (UITM), Puncak Alam Campus. In obtaining and interpreting the effect of technology based lifestyle on their degree and diploma student, 50 students from UITM Puncak Alam were chosen as our respondents for this research study.Data from the research were collected through questionnaires and small briefing. 2. 2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS This research utilized both the quantitative and qualitative research methodology. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaire and a small briefing. A set of quest ionnaire containing ten questions were distributed to 50 respondents. Various types of questions were used in the questionnaire such as yes-no, listing/ choice, likert-skale and closed-ended. In section 1, the question asks on respondent about personal detail such as: program of study, current semester and gadget they own.While in section 2, the question asks on how the technologies can help them in their study and their opinion about the real effect of technology-based lifestyle on the student’s productivity. The questionnaire was distributed to 50 students, 25 degree students and 25 diploma students. The data for the research come from the interview was utilized to confirm the finding from the questionnaire and then analyze. Other than that small briefing also the method that we use to obtain the data, these method uses while the respondents in group and be given briefing on how to answer the questionnaire. . 3 RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY The respondents of this study were the degree and diploma students of UITM Puncak Alam Campus. 50 students were randomly selected to participate in the questionnaire survey. 25 respondents from degree students and 25 respondents from diploma students randomly. 2. 4 RESEARCH PROCEDURE Before the actual data collection period, a pilot study was conducted ton assess the validity of the research instrument. A total of six interviewers were selected to distribute the questionnaire.During actual study, the questionnaire were distributed in various places such library, cafe, student lounge and also at the bus stops. Respondent were approached with a question asking on how important are technology in their life and ask their personal opinion upon that issues. While the questionnaires were being answered, the interviewer briefly gave a small talk on hoe the effect could really affect their productivity level. This small talk functions as a spark to create and heighten the awareness level of the respondent upon the effect of tech nology based-lifestyle upon students. . 5 DATA ANALYSIS To analyze the data a total of 5 variables there are the types of gadget, productivity, time consuming of study, the life-style and environment. The data were entered into the computer using SPSS software. The results were presented through frequency accounts and other descriptive statistic. While distributing questionnaire to the respondent (student) they will briefed about the effect the technology based life-styles while fill up the form. The objectives of briefing merely to help them to open their mind about the current technology benefit.We will not influencing about their decision. It is up to their own perception to decide whether it is good or not after been given briefing. The data that were gathered then will be transcribed into graphs, charts and table to project the analyzed da 3. 0 Introduction of Findings The research on THE EFFECT OF MODERN LIFESTYLE (TECHNOLOGY) ON STUDENT PRODUCTIVITY focused on the life of stu dent in the era of technology. Before we proceed with the questionnaire, firstly we explained about the respondent. Our target respondent was among the student form UiTM Puncak Alam.There are 2 programmed in this campus consist of diploma and degree. We had 50 questionnaires to distribute among the student in the campus. 50 questionnaires are divided into half, 25 questionnaires for diploma student and another half is for degree student. As we conducted our survey, we were using questionnaires methods. While the respondent answered the questionnaire we gave a small explanation to the respondent for their understanding before they answered the following question. 3. 1 Questionnaire Findings Objective 1 To describe how university students currently use technology in their learning.Question: †¢Rate the effect of technologies on your studies. †¢How technologies help you in your learning. †¢Does technologies help you in your studies Objective 2 To find out how technology- based lifestyle affects the university students’ productivity. Question: †¢Do you agree that technology can increase a student’s productivity †¢If yes, how effective the technology help you in your studies †¢Do you agree that technology and education is a perfect mix †¢Technology is useful for student to complete their task/assignment Objective 3To investigates the students’ level of awareness of the potential effects of technology. Question: †¢Briefly explain how technology helps you in completing your task. †¢Technology does more harm than good for students especially in their learning 3. 1. 1 DEMOGRAPHIC The chart above shows every current semester respondent in this campus UiTM P. Alam. When we conduct this research, our target population is in the campus Uitm Puncak Alam itself, but the scope is the student who studying here.Both programme we were accepting to proceed and to choose randomly from 25 diplomas’ student and 25 degrees’ student to success this research it is the effect of the technology-based lifestyle on student productivity. 3. 1. 2 LEVEL OF STUDY The chart showed the programme of study in the Uitm P. Alam. There both programme study in this campus which are diploma and degree level. Based on our topic the effect of a technology lifestyle-on students’ productivity, this programme of study we separate it follow between diploma student and degree student. 5 students come from diploma and the rest should in the degree student. Total for both student have same percentage on helping our research. 3. 1. 3 GENDER This chart showed the gender of the respondents that have been taken into in uitm puncak alam campus. Based on our topic the effect of a technology lifestyle-on students’ productivity, this program of study we separate it follow between diploma student and degree student. 25 students come from diploma and the rest should in the degree student. Total for both stu dent have same percentage on helping our research. . 1. 1. 1 HOW TECHNOLOGY IS USED IN LEARNING. The figure 2 shows the different type of gadget respondents have that they are using right now. From the chart itself, majorities are comes from hand phones user followed by the second highest, they are using a laptop. The rate Mp3/Mp4 among this respondent is quite higher than i-pad, PC and others. 50 respondents do not mean that they all have hand phone or i-pad. Majority of the university student often use technology in their learning by using hand phones and laptops as their top tools of technology .Most of the students showed that laptop and communication device in learning increase their level of effectiveness. The high awareness of the technology tells the student how to make technology easier in learning. Most of the students now days is easily influenced thus giving the good effect of technology towards student productivity. 3. 1. 1. 2 DOES TECHNOLOGY HELP STUDENT IN THEIR STUDY ? As we can see from the chart, it is the answer from the respondents whether technology help student in their study. Most of the respondent says the answer is Yes while rest say No. ue to the effect of modern lifestyle (technology) on student productivity is become as apart from our life student will use. Technology frequently to do their task or assignment and most of respondent agree that technology helps them in learning because as we can see that almost class in our campus has a learning support equipment like a computer (PC), laptop, and projector. Other than that, students do not need to bring a book or notes but it enough if they read the books. They also can keep the notes that they get from the lecturer in their pen drive so that they do not worry to loss their notes or miss the important things.From this survey also we know respondent feedback about the change from time to time how technology helps student in their learning, from used the chalk and talk technique like a v isual aids. Obviously, we can see how technology helps students in their learning and the level of effectiveness if student use the technology in their learning. 3. 1. 1. 3 DO YOU AGREE THAT TECHNOLOGY CAN INCREASE THE STUDENT’S PRODUCTIVITY Base on the bar chart, it shows that weather technology can increase a students’ productivity or not.From the previous chart most of the respondent said the technology can help student in their study, to do their task or assignment , gather a lot of information and show the level of effectiveness if student use the technology in their learning, but for this question most of the respondent said No. This question is to measure the level effectiveness of technology on student productivity. From this chart we get the result show that 35 of our respondent are does not agree that the technology can increase the student productivity while another 15 agree with that question.From the feedback we get from the respondent, it is show that tec hnology does not give any impact to a student however they believe that students’ productivity is related with how much the effort that student have in their studies. The effect of modern life-style (technology) does not influences of students’ productivity because technology as a equipment that support the student in their learning while the productivity comes out from the student itself. 3. 1. 1. 4 TECHNOLOGY DOES MORE HARM THAN GOOD FOR STUDENT ESPECIALLY IN THEIR LEARNING. From the chart above, we can see that the result that given by the respondent eather technology does harm than good for student especially in their learning. From the result, 8 people from our respondent give the answer uncertainty follow by 15 respondent answers strongly disagree, 20 respondent give the answer disagree, 5 people said agree and 2 people answer agree. From the feedback from our respondent it shows most of the student said that the technology does not harm student especially in the ir learning but technology are helping to get some information, to do task or assignment and making their life as a student easier.This question is related with the level of awareness of student upon the potential effect of technology. Means that, what are the potential affect from that technology that can help students in their learning. Students realized that the technology is very useful to them but it doesn’t mean it will effect on students’ productivity. Because the modern lifestyle nowadays student are more depending on technology and they think that by technology they can finished their task smoothly without thinks wisely about their productivity as a students.CONCLUSION As we are expected from this research, technology has been drastically changing the way of student in generation Y and generation X in their process of learning. Now days, the generation Y is becoming completely dependent on the technologies that many studies and articles had concluded. We can s ee the different of performance of both generations where generations X is more committed in their action rather than generation Y.This research is try to find out how technologies affected the students in UiTm Puncak Alam on the usage of technologies, the students productivity and their awareness towards technologies that drastically becoming more easier to their user. To gain these objectives, we use questionnaire as our method toward respondents to gain the data on this research. In the questionnaire we use the quantitative and the qualitative question that consist of three sections. Using this method give us the experiences on how to conduct and overcome respondents behavior toward the question on our questionnaire.After we go through the phase, we can conclude: 1. The type of technologies that students of Puncak Alam use is more on phone rather than others. 2. We also can conclude in this research technologies are helpful in their studies, where as they use technologies in prin ting the handout, web surfing for learning, communicating and others. 3. In this research we also find that the productivity of the student strongly affected against technologies, but in the other hand the level of positive impact also does not reach the bench mark that is (technologies) required to help the student in the study.The result of this study indicate that technologies and the students productivity are two different factors that will never ever compliment the students in increasing their productivity. However these findings are only true for UiTM Puncak Alam Campus students only and cannot be generalizing to others students and universities. The same study need to be conducted with different students from others universities to see if they are any similarities with the factors that will influence the students level of productivity due to technologies. FULL REPORT THE EFFECT OF MODERN LIFESTYLE (TECHNOLOGY) ON STUDENT PRODUCTIVITY