The Characters Of Oedipus Rex By Sophocles - 973 Words

Maya Fleischer Ms. Hampson World Lit II CPA 11/7/17 Oedipus Essay Whether positive or negative, individuals have various characteristics that define them. Many people struggle to find a balance between confidence and arrogance. Oedipus, King Laius, and Queen Jocasta fall into this category, as they all possess this character flaw. Throughout Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, these characters make decisions based on what is best for themselves. Sometimes putting yourself before others is necessary for a healthy mindset and can be a suitable choice. However, Oedipus, Laius, and Jocasta make mistakes that they will later come to regret. Though these characters are determined and driven, their decisions, so clouded by hubris, cause them to face†¦show more content†¦This was simply a consequence of her hubris, rather than ignorance or naivety. She goes so far as to reassure Oedipus to â€Å"have no more fear of sleeping with your mother† (51). This statement, like many others, highlights her hubris and obliviousness to the irony of the situation. During Oedipus’s journey to escape his unbearable prophecy, his dominant character traits are egotism and pride. Oedipus fled from the city he thought he had been birthed in, Corinth, to avoid killing King Polybus, and marrying Queen Merope, whom he thought were his parents. Oedipus’s desire to change his future not only backfires when he eventually kills his real father, but also leads him to solve the Sphinxs riddle while on this mission. As a result, Oedipus is crowned King of Thebes, and therefore marries his mother. During Oedipus’s reign, he makes many poor decisions, blinded by the overconfidence that came with solving the Sphinx’s riddle. When Oedipus was informed that King Polybus had died, he says in relief, â€Å"They prophesized that I should kill Polybus, kill my own father; but he is dead and buried, and I am here- I never touched him, never† (50). Clearly, Oedipus now shares Jocasta’s belief that the prophecies are not to be considered, for they have outsmarted the gods. Oedipus’s desire to avoid Apollo’s prophecyShow MoreRelatedSophocles Tragedies Oedipus Rex and Antigone: Character Analysis of Teiresias595 Words   |  2 Pages Sophocles tragedies Oedipus Rex and Antigone both present the character of Teiresias as being a strong individual who has supernatural powers and is dedicated to assisting society by using them. Even with this, the fact that his information mostly generates suffering around him makes it difficult for him to put across his thinking and is visibly a reason for pain rather than being a blessing. The character is often chastised as a result of the information that he provides, as individuals practicallyRead MoreOedipus in Sophocles Oedipus Rex and Young Colonel Sartoris Snopes in William Faulkners Barn Burning: A Comparative Analysis of Characters1034 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿When attempting to compare the characters and the lots of Oedipus in Oedipus Rex and Young Colonel Sartoris Snopes in William Faulkners Barn Burning, there are a number of immediate and salient points of similarity for one to consider. One of the principle points of similarities between these two is related to th eir personalities both male characters are prone to fits of action which they can only fully understand (if at all) in hindsight. Another is the fact that the quandaries they find themselvesRead MoreTragedy In Oedipus Rex And Antigone By Euripides784 Words   |  4 Pagesknown Greek tragedies; Oedipus Rex and Antigone by Sophocles and Medea by Euripides that not only have the common genre of tragedy, but share the same motifs; homicide, suicide, and suffering. What is intriguing about these commonalities is that these playwrights, Sophocles and Euripides, use them. Homicide is an act when a human permanently harms another leading in death and these plays like to use it quite a bit. In Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles, the main character Oedipus (king of Thebes) realizesRead More The Role of Teiresias in Sophocles Oedipus Rex Essay1410 Words   |  6 PagesSophoclesOedipus Rex (the King) Teiresias uses his psychic abilities to foreshadow the anguish and destruction that Oedipus will encounter after he learns the truths of his life. Teiresias is also responsible for further developing the theme of blindness by using his own physical blindness to reveal to Oedipus his mental blindness. Lastly, Teiresias is ultimately responsible for imposing dramatic irony because of his great knowledge of the truth of Oedipus. In the play, Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles, theRead MoreOedipus Rex as Aristotalian Tragedy1506 Words   |  7 PagesOne may argue that the Greek playwright, Sophocles modeled his play Oedipus Rex on Aristotles definition and analysis of tragedy.Since according to Aristotles definition, A tragedy is an imitation of action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished artistic ornaments, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not narrative with incidents that evokes pity and fear of a persons emotions. Also Aristotle identifiedRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Power of Prophecy1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe Power of Fate in Oedipus Rex (the King) The underlying theme in Oedipus Rex is that fate is more powerful than free will. On this strong basis of fate, free will doesnt even exist. This was a popular belief among the ancient Greeks.   Fate may be accepted or denied by modern society, but in Oedipuss story, fate proves inevitable. In the play, Oedipus Rex, the characters Oedipus, Iocaste and Laios try to change fate.    In the very beginning of the story, before we hear from theRead MoreThe Three Themes of Oedipus Rex1106 Words   |  4 PagesThemes of Oedipus Rex The contrast between trust in the gods oracles and trust in intelligence and pride plays out in Oedipus Rex. Of course, the irony is, that Oedipuss and the oracles’ methods both lead to the same fallout. Oedipuss hunt for truth reveals just that, and the truth confirms the oracles prophecies. Oedipus kills his father and marries his mother. The irony is that the reader knows this from the very start of this Greek drama. There is also irony in the fact that Oedipus is theRead More Use of Character Flaws and Literary Devices to Teach Morals in Oedipus Rex1290 Words   |  6 PagesUse of Character Flaws and Literary Devices to Teach Morals in Oedipus Rex      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex is an excellent example of how an author can use literary techniques and personality traits to teach a certain moral or theme.   In Oedipus Rex, Sophocles communicates his themes and morals to the reader through the character flaws of Oedipus, a tragic hero.   The most prominent character flaw that Oedipus possesses is his excessive arrogance. One way this flaw is displayed isRead MoreOedipus Rex Vs. Antigone1417 Words   |  6 PagesComparative Essay 11-20-01 Oedipus Rex Antigone It is only natural that an author use similar vessels of literature, such as figurative language, literary devices, and elements in his/her work. It is even more apparent between works that are connected by character, time, and theme. Sophocles did this when he wrote Oedipus Rex and Antigone. When comparing the two pieces, it becomes evident that very similar vessels connected these very different plays. Sophocles uses a specific type of figurativeRead MoreOedipus Rex900 Words   |  4 PagesThe philosopher Aristotle wrote his work Poetics as a deconstruction of aesthetics approximately 50 years after the death of Sophocles, the author of Oedipus Rex. Aristotle was a great admirer of the works of Sophocles and is said to have considered Oedipus Rex to be the perfect tragedy and the basis for his thoughts in Poetics. He defines tragedy as, â€Å"an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the

Comparison Of Racism In History Essay - 1123 Words

Comparison of Racism in History amp;#8220; I have a dream... where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.; -Martin Luther King Jr. We have come a long way since the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. Our cities are filled with numerous minority groups with different religions and cultures. We live in a multicultural society where we donamp;#8217;t have to think about hate crime too much. We can feel safe when going to the corner store without being pasteurized by a mob of amp;#8220;haters;. We live in a very safe country, but instances during the World Wars make us pray that non-of that will ever happen in Canada again. This ISP will examine the similarities and†¦show more content†¦The Canadian government was fearful of Japanese spies on the coast of Vancouver. So the government decided to tally up all the Japanese within a hundred miles of the coast and put them into interment camps. Although the military said that Canadian Japanese were not a threat to Canada, the government felt it was amp;#8220;necessary; to deport all the non-citizens. This is what Joy writes about in her novel. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The novel and the play are similar because they focus around one main minority group and their problems. It would seem, in these stories, that when Canada is faced with a crisis, the government takes command and sometimes encourages racism. All the racism in Canada is just like racism throughout the world: people getting hurt for no other reason than they can help. These two stories reflect how racism made lives of non-whites suffer because of hate. This hate does not have to be there, but sometimes people feel there is no choice but to hate. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Other similarities like the setting tells the history behind what Vancouver is today. Although Vancouveramp;#8217;s past is filled with many discriminating stories, it now occupies many nationalities and races. This shows how racism can be over come and thatamp;#8217;s how it should be. Another similarity that both have in common are the fact that both authorsShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Racism On The Health Of Indigenous Australians911 Words   |  4 PagesRacism in Australia has always been a controversial element of our country and still continues on in today’s society. Our nation is a bigot country, and the history of Australia shows it continuously has been. Racism majorly impacts the health of Indigenous Australians. The impacts reflect on the life expectancy and mental health of the Indigenous Australians who are then racially criticised in our health system. 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The common cliche history is written by the victors,† illustrates perfectly the development of a systemic structure that allots benefits to white people whileRead MoreEssay The Costs of Racism1146 Words   |  5 PagesThe Costs of Racism The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines racism as â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.† Racism is one of the deepest stains on the pages of American history. What began as feelings among whites of being superior to blacks turned into possibly the worst phenomenon the United States ever dealt with. Even 100 years after Abraham Lincoln signedRead MoreRacism And Racism : New Zealand Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesEuropean colonisation in the nineteenth century, have experienced the effects of racism and institutional racism as a result of this colonisation. This essay explores the ideas of racism and racial discrimination and the difference between the two concepts. It discusses the history of New Zealand and where racist issues may have derived from throughout society and how these issues through the idea of institutional racism stil l exist in contemporary society, by discussing the representation of Maoris’Read MoreRacism Is The Belief Of All Members Of A Specific Race905 Words   |  4 PagesRacism is the belief of all members of a specific race to have the same specific characteristics or abilities to that ethnicity group. Racism is directed towards a specific person’s race based on the belief that one’s race is superior to the other. Racism has been a big issue ever since history could recall. Wherever there are different racial kinds of people, there would be racism. How does history, global issues, and societal up bringing affect racism in our current society. 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What a sad state of affairs that going through corrective service or the juvenile justice system is seen as a rite of passage for some Indigenous young boys since their traditional /cultural rights, power and status had been usurped by colonisation and racist/assimilationist policies (Marchetti, 2008). For others, remand provides relief from theRead MoreAfrican Americans : A Racially Equal Society1613 Words   |  7 PagesSystemtic and Institutional Racism Margo Newkirk ENG 122: English Composition II Andrea Collins August 29, 2016 A racially equal society is one whereby individuals are not likely or more likely to receive certain benefits given that they belong to a particular racial group. This would be an ideal society given that the current American society is characterized by institutional and systemic racism. Institutional racism can be defined as institutional practices and other aspects of government such

A company organizational struc... free essay sample

A company organizational structure is a guidance to all employees by laying out the official reporting relationships representing the workflow of the company and provide clarity on specific human resources management issues, such as managerial authority and to achieve the company goals George, J. (2005). A formal outline of a companys structure makes it easier to add new positions in the company, as well, providing a flexible and ready means for growth, hence, departments can work more efficiently and have more time focusing on productive tasks. The structure refers to both the formal and informal frameworks that shape how the business is operated. However, the management must select the most suitable structure for the organization as it is not a one size fits all decision. Implementation of a formal organizational structure can also differentiate small-business operations from large-business operations. (David, 2018). This report attempts to focus on the different type of structure (functional, divisional and network structures) undertaken for each type of different organization. We will write a custom essay sample on A company organizational struc or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, there are also elements such as work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization, decentralization and formalization which contributes to build a positive organization behavior. Functional structure is set up so that each portion of the organization is grouped according to its purpose. The functional structure is more technical orientated hence it enhances productivity level in which the organization can identify the expertise in each department. The lower level hierarchy level also gets to play a role in their responsibility, thus employees will have job satisfaction (Kalliath, 2009). Work specialization is the key structure to the organization structure. Today we use the term work specializations or division of labor, which activities in the organization are subdivided into separate jobs. For example, Google company adopted work specialization element, employees are carefully recruited, and they are job match each employee according to their knowledge. However, this hinders the rapid growth of the organization due to their stringent hiring process. The employees are strongly driven by the corporate culture. The organization also creates motivation to the employees by reward system and job enlargement to make sure that the employee is well engaged in the organization (Steven.L.M, 2005). However, the drawbacks to a functional structure is that it could lead to higher dysfunctional conflict and poor communication between departments which can delay the decision making, inflexibility. This type of structure is only suitable for small organization with one product or service as management can oversee the work process efficiently and maximize the employees performance (Julie. D, 2018). Starbucks had rearranged their organisation structure to improve on customer satisfaction (Shultz, 2008). The functional structure of Starbucks company is centralization of various departments or functions within the organization. By adopting functional structure using departmentalization element (geographic) each region has individual reporting managers which receives a closer managerial support for geographic needs and therefore a clear chain of command is apparent. A high degree of flexibility was used in individual department in adjusting strategies and policies to fit into various market conditions. This allows the employees to communicate effectively within the departments (George, 2005). Thus, there is presence of empowerment for the employees to make their own decisions and this gives them a sense of belonging to the organization (Starbucks, 2018). Today, with the new organizational structure, Starbucks had successfully achieved customer satisfaction and reduncies of employees are also eliminated and hence created a tensed working environment during the change of the structure. individual teams are being centralized to create an infrastructure with span of control globally within the region and hence capability and effectiveness are improved. Management can also focus more on the employees and functional activities can be design for each individual employee so the mission and goal of the organization will be shared across the organisation (Shultz, 2008).

The Development of Volunteer Tourism and Inter

Introduction Volunteer tourism is called voluntourism or international volunteering. This can be defined as the tourism whereby tourists voluntarily organize themselves and use their holidays in visiting places with positive reasons or objectives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Development of Volunteer Tourism and Inter-Cultural Exchanges specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The objectives may include helping the needy groups in the society, bringing polluted environments into restoration or doing research of unique environment or societies around the world (Singh, 2012). For instance, the organized tourists may start projects that might help societies to preserve and conserve their environment or even educate them on community welfare. Good examples of volunteer tourist include the Non Governmental organizations, Agencies for conservation, the sending companies, religious organizations, governments, among many others (Wearing, 2001). The Development of Volunteer Tourism According to the Tourism Research and marketing (TRAM), volunteer tourism started a few years ago and has become a global phenomenon with predictions of expansion or growth in the near future (Mintel, 2008; Benson, 2011). The growth of volunteer tourism product in the market place is as a result of other emerging organizations offering the same services, but indirectly digging from the pockets of the people in the societies. A study to understand volunteer tourism was conducted to define the term volunteer tourism (Carlsen Charters, 2007). Grounded theory was developed whereby the voluntourists were interrogated with the help of the questionnaires. The questionnaire was created in a design that encouraged people to complete it. The questions were simple to answer and not ambiguous.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, the questions asked of the volunteers were on what they would do on the project; how they would spend their free time; what they understood by the term international volunteering and the reasons that made them participate in that holiday (Goulding, 2002). The data collected in the questionnaires were reviewed, coded, contrasted, and analysis was made. This was done in order to allow categories of themes related to volunteer tourism to emerge. A core category of engagement emerged accompanied by its concepts and their properties. The examples of the concepts included participation, integration, interaction, immersion, involvement among others. There are those people who responded that they were ready to assist workers in the children’s home and attend to the children’s needs. They also engaged in helping the project to attain its set goals. They indicated that the tourism involved activity engagement to further charitable causes (Brink, 2007). Another co ncept of volunteer tourism is volunteer work. Its concepts are choice, range, payment, time and purpose. As for the concept of choice, voluntourists had a right to make their own choice when it came to picking projects, area preferences, providers for voluntourism and many others (Riecken, 1952). The range concept provided a range of projects. These include humanitarian projects that required the voluntourists to have the knowledge to improve peoples’ life through health, education, and construction; projects for conservation that involved the protection of animals, plants, lands, and the buildings and controlling disasters (Benson, 2011). The voluntourists were to pay some amount of money to cater for them in the volunteer tourism (concept of payment). Time, also a concept of volunteer work, was for indicating the duration the work was supposed to take.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Development of Volunteer Tourism and Inter-Cultural Exchanges sp ecifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The purpose concept was used to ensure that the volunteer work served the project, the provider and the voluntourist (Rieckon, 1952). A concept of tourist, also one of the categories of volunteer tourism, was innovated to motivate people to become voluntourists. This category included sub-concepts and properties that are countless. It indicated almost all the objectives or reasons that made people voluntourists. The examples include exploring, to learn, to meet new people and make new friends, cultural exchange, to see another culture, to spread personal beliefs, cultural immersion, to escape, to see another part of the world and very many other reasons. Some could give positive reasons. For instance, wanting to be of service to others, improve other peoples’ lives, give back, assist, spread skills and many voluntary reasons (Smith, Robertson Macleod, 2009). Inter-Cultural Exchanges Every society has its own culture. Acquired in early childhood, culture controls the lives of many individuals. Individuals see their culture as the perfect one, and it is because of that strong belief that the culture enables them to choose between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. Defining culture is not easy as it keeps on changing (Jandt, 2010). Many societies are heterogeneous. In this case, it is not easy to tell whether a certain society’s culture is dominant or not. An inter-cultural exchange involves sharing of different peoples’ life by copying behaviours from one another. Traditionally, communities in societies restricted their people from adopting different cultures from the outside societies (O’Dowd, 2007; Kohls Knight, 1996).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the countries that were more advanced, the tourists saw the citizens of the developing countries as primitive and even associated them with animals. In return, the citizens in the developing countries criticized cultures of the developed countries (Hallett Kaplan-Weinger, 2010). For instance, they viewed their way of dressing as unclean and not recommendable. I agree with those who oppose inter-cultural exchange, but warn them that there is too much good for societies who share some of their beliefs (culture). Indeed, the benefits of this are uncountable. Individuals, communities, societies, and nations at large are of no exception when it comes to benefiting from inter-cultural exchanges (Jack Phipps, 2005). There are various factors that affect the nature of inter-cultural exchanges in the volunteer tourism. They include the identities of culture, race, ethnicity, gender role, social class, age, role and individual personality. The cultural identity refers to the norms and pr actices that people adopt in their communities or societies (Gudykunst, 2003; Landis, Bennett Bennett, 2004). It also includes how they differ from those of other people brought up in different societies. The racial identity affects people of different races in the workplace who come from different cultures. Ethnicity, another factor affects the interaction of two people from different ethnic groups in the workplace (Gudykunst, 2005). Societies view the roles of men and women from different perspectives. This is often referred to as the gender role identity factor. The other factor is that of social class identity. The level that individual possesses in the society determines how they will interact with other people in the workplace. The individual personality factor determines how a person communicates with others from different cultures depending on his or her own personality and where they rank themselves (Ting-Toomey, 1999). Age was used in determining the relationship between the various age clusters. In the US, the culture allows individual to care less about the old aged. In this case, the elders’ advice if often ignored. However, in countries like China, Cambodia, and Thailand, people pay great attention to the advice of their elders and take it into account when it comes to deciding on important matters (Singleton Ryan, 2004). Volunteer Tourism and Intercultural Exchange I agree that volunteer tourism also called voluntourism or international tourism promotes intercultural exchange that rationalize poverty and reinforces tourism as neo-colonialism (Wakounig, 2012). Quite a number of researches conducted have supported this argument. An example is the establishment of American Field Service (AFC) in 1914. Originally, the organization belonged to a corps of civilian volunteers who used to drive ambulances to battlefields, during the first and second world wars. In the late 1940s, the American Field Service started to work hard to ensure the pro motion of peaceful coexistence. This promotion targeted high schools and volunteerism. Students are taught about the importance of cultural exchange by their teachers (Lengel, 2004; Ickstadt, 1997). The organization is now one of the largest organizations in the world with branches in 52 countries and another 30 countries with the program activity. Hong Kong and China are two good examples of the countries where the program has been established are. In Hong Kong, the high school students undertake the course, some in the short term and others year-long. In developing commitment to the philosophy of volunteerism, students and the American Field service volunteers take part in the community service activities (Kenny, 2002). AFS in China started in 1983 after forming a partnership with China Association for International Educational Exchange (CAIEE). Many Chinese teachers have been placed in schools within different countries to teach about cultural exchange with their international co unterparts. A cultural exchange programme was launched in China in the year 1997. Students from the developing nations are often provided with scholarship support by the American Field Service, which sources the funds from private and corporate donors (Bricker, Black Cottrell, 2013; Moore, Walton Lambert, 1992). In a case of Indonesian tourists within Australia, it is clear that the greater the inter-cultural exchange, the more they need of awareness, understanding, and acceptance of differences in culture by the tourism practitioners. The cultural differences between the two nations helped the two nations realize the need of cultural understanding in staffing people in the tourism industry sector. If there were no cultural differences, the behaviour of every participant would have been understood, and cultural conflicts would have been eliminated (Yunus Weber, 2007). A research by Parasuraman et al (1994) observed that expectation measurement measures the service quality. Howeve r, in this research there were no cross-cultural samples that were involved. The findings were proved wrong by other research that involved cross cultural samples. The study came up with an answer that expectations that appeared to be significant existed between cultural groups. In addition, the expectation measurement did not improve the service quality. The study concluded that customer satisfaction, customer preferences, quality of services and retaining them was influenced by the encounters between different groups with different cultural values (Bricker, Black Cottrell, 2013). A cross-cultural study on casino guests as perceived by the casino employees is another reason that should make one appreciate the cultural exchange, which is instrumented by volunteer tourism. In Korea, the casino industry is viewed as a tool for developing the economy. It is accepted as product of tourism, and this has encouraged tourism development. A research study’s objective was to learn mor e about the cultural elements that led to the interaction between the workers in Korea’s largest casino and the guests (Dwyer, Gill Seetaram, 2012). The visitors (tourists in this case) were grouped into five cultural groups. These groups included the Japanese, the Chinese, the abroad Korean residents, the westerners and others comprising of Sri Lankans, Philippines, and Thais. Each group responded differently to the services offered by the employees. Some groups’ cultures almost resembled each other. Through the way the employees perceived the guests from each cultural group, the management benefited a lot by learning about the dislikes and likes of each group. The cultural differences helped the management to develop new skills. This was evident on marketing, staffing, and providing quality services to the guests (tourists) (Prideaux, Moscrdo Laws, 2005). The casino management was then able to make corrections on the games available and the range of services it wou ld provide. The management considered formal training program development to the employees that incorporated cultural training to enhance the understanding of cultural behaviours of different nations (Market Research Society, 1963). From the study, we learn that the cultural exchange did not only benefit the Walker Hill Casino, but also benefited the people of Korea and the economy at large. We also learn the importance of gaming in the tourism sector as one way of promoting cultural exchange (Uysal Perdue, 2012). Tourism in Burma is the other evidence I will use in agreeing with the statement that: Volunteer tourism promotes inter-cultural exchanges that rationalize poverty and reinforces tourism as neo-colonialism. The history of tourism in Burma can be divided into three: the parliamentary democracy, the socialist period, and the period of the opening up of the tourist market (Hallet Kaplan, 2010). At the time of parliamentary democracy, entrepreneurship was promoted in Burma. The tourist visas were valid for a month, and Tourist Burma was assigned with informing and guiding tourists (Lubbe, 2003). When it reached 1962, the validity was reduced to 24 hours. This was aimed by the authority to reducing tourism in the country in order to protect the traditional culture from foreign influences. In 1990, the military government took power from a dictator and looked for a new strategy to open market for foreign investment. In 1992, the Ministry of Tourism and Hotels was established, and this led to the development of infrastructures of tourism (Miller Twining, 2005). In 1996, the military junta opened the door for tourists. The reasons why the junta prioritized tourism were for economic necessity and to regain prestige. The Burma nation benefited from tourism by sourcing foreign currencies to buy arms that the military government needed in order to stay in power. The generals also wanted to show the other nations a new face of Burma through trips organized by the government, hiding, or putting undercover the political and human rights disasters (Reid Grosberg, 2005). Come the year 2000, the tourist entry requirements were eased to motivate the volunteer tourists into the Burmese land, and the validity period of the visa was increased. In the year 2004, an electronic visa was introduced, which became possible to acquire in the mid of 2010 immediately after the tourists’ arrival to airports. This greatly facilitated the tourists into entering the Burmese land (Hanne, 2008). The growth of tourism has helped the third world countries to develop. In this case, the third world countries have been able to move from underdevelopment and become developed countries (Telfer Sharpley, 2008). The third world governments have promoted tourism because they have seen how it can transform nations that are underdeveloped. Tourism is also the source of income and employment (Holmes Smith, 2009). It cannot be compared with any other export industr y in a nation. It impacts a nation’s economy positively. The tourist expenditure such as parking and admission fees, taxes for local businesses hotels and services, generates income for both the public and the private sectors (James, 1996). The case study that compared wine tourism destinations, Canada’s Okanagan Valley of British Columbia and the Niagara can be related to tourist development. The communities in the Okanagan relied on long hot summers and mild winters in attracting tourists. Wine tourism was later on built to ensure the strong captive market during the winter season (Bramble, 2000). The challenges included a challenge to attract tourists outside the short seasons of summer; a challenge of targeting a very small local population; limited land for agriculture and fear of inadequate water in the future (Dougherty, 2012). Despite the challenges, the industry managed to grow in a short period of about two decades. It had a nice production and quality wines. The number of wineries and the land available for vineyards became smaller to handle the project. A comparison of the two wine tourism destinations of Canada: the Okanagan and the Niagara wine region were conducted. Thirty eight grape wineries in Niagara were contrasted to 44 wineries in the Okanagan (Low Burstyn, 2005). The Niagara’s wineries emerged to be the best because it was big in size and had a strong tourism orientation. Most of the Okanagan wineries did not have websites at the time the comparison was being made. The Niagara led because the region was highly populated (Bramble Coon, 2003). It had natural resources abundantly and was surrounded by features that easily developed. The examples of the developments in the Niagara Falls were additional accommodations, hotels and restaurants, institutions that taught cooking and retail operations (Chambers Dearden, 2008). One of the bases of comparison and benchmarking found that it was not necessary for all wine regio ns to have the same yield and the power to develop. This is obvious especially when one compares the case of Niagara and that of Okanagan (Coers, Elliott Henderson, 2001). Despite of all the challenges, the Okanagan had a good side too. Summer tourist attraction favoured it, good infrastructure and the migration of people from the rural to urban, making the population of the urban centres grow. Being a tourist attraction, the residents of the Okanagan benefited a lot from the tourists for instance in securing job opportunities; learning more about agriculture from the foreigners; cultural exchanges and many others. The nation too was not left behind as it generated foreign exchange hence economic growth. The cultural exchange helped the nation build good interrelations with other nations and many more (Getz, 2000). International tourism also referred to as voluntourism or volunteer tourism promotes intercultural exchanges, which helps nations learn from one another (Moufakkir Kell y, 2010). A comparison of tourism policies of Hong Kong and Singer pore can evident this statement. The research study was conducted to show how mutual learning affected the competitiveness and sustainability of Singer pore and Hong Kong (Carty, 2010). The two nations have many similarities and it is this having many things in common that led the researchers into surveying them. When the top official of the government was interrogated about the interrelationships between the two countries, they agreed that there is a lot they share due to inter-cultural exchanges. The Hong Kong government can get ideas from Singapore about the proactive help it applies to industries, leadership with vision and the eagerness the country has to learn. In correspondence, the Singapore government can learn from Hong Kong on how to promote entrepreneurship within the industry of tourism. This mutual learning helps both nations to grow economically and creates good interrelationships hence promoting peace and harmony (Wright Kelly-Holmes, 1997; Bricker, Black Cottrell, 2013). Conclusion International tourism also called volunteer tourism is one of the largest industries in the world that creates and promotes economic and social growth, especially for poor nations. When the poor countries get established, the citizen benefit from the transformation. The poor countries’ major export is tourism, and it is the major source of their foreign exchange. Countries that have received a boost from tourism should ensure that, as their economy grows, the standards of living for its citizens should also grow. This can be achieved by making changes in institutions, laws, controls and functions that may help in doing away with poverty. Thus, as the nation benefits from international tourism, its citizens should be guaranteed opportunities to improve their economic and social lives. Tourism is of great importance and should be encouraged at all costs. It facilitates cultural exchange that c an impact positively to every nation, society, community and the individuals. It has helped the poor people to become part of the processes that run the industry, educating them about many things. Reference List Benson, AM 2011, Volunteer Tourism: Theory Framework and Practical Applications, Routledge, New York. Bramble, L Coon, D 2003, Touring Niagara wine country, J. Lorimer, Toronto. Bramble, L 2000, Touring Niagara’s wine country, J. Lorimer, Toronto Bricker, K S, Black, R Cottrell, S 2013, Sustainable tourism the millennium development goals: Effecting positive change, Jones Bartlett Learning, Burlington, MA. 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Wright, S Kelly-Holmes, H, 1997, One country, two systems, three languages: a survey of changing language use in Hong Kong, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, England. Yunus, M Weber, K 2007, Creating a world without poverty: social business and the future of capitalism, PublicAffairs, New York. This essay on The Development of Volunteer Tourism and Inter-Cultural Exchanges was written and submitted by user Kinsey Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.